اخبار و اعلانات
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 20 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 508 |
| تعداد مقالات | 4,389 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 8,223,778 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 4,216,318 |
واکاویِ مفهومِ طراحیِ خطمشی، با استفاده از تحلیل مضمونی: ماهیت، شاخص‌ها و عناصر | ||
| اندیشه مدیریت راهبردی | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 17، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 36، تیر 1402، صفحه 145-174 اصل مقاله (617.97 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی-پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30497/smt.2024.244473.3463 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| سید علی سیاه منصوری* | ||
| دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت دولتی ، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در ادبیات و متون علمیِ مربوط به خطمشی عمومی، «طراحیِ خطمشی» معادل با شکلگیری خطمشی و یا بخشی از آن در نظر گرفته شده است. برخی آن را بدیهی و برخی ناممکن دانسته اند که این موضوع منجر به ایجاد پراکندگی در ادبیاتِ «طراحیِ خطمشی» و ابهام در مفهوم آن شده است. پژوهشِ حاضر، با هدف فهم و تبیین مفهوم «طراحیِ خط مشی» به واکاوی و تحلیل ادبیاتِ موجود در این حوزه پرداخته است. در این پژوهش، نگارنده تلاش کرده است با مطالعۀ کتابخانه ای، مهم ترین تعاریف و مفاهیمِ مربوط به «طراحی» و «طراحیِ خطمشی» را در ادبیاتِ موجود، جمع آوری و با استفاده از تحلیلِ مضمون به تحلیل و واکاویِ آن بپردازد. بر اساس تحلیل داده های برآمده از اسنادِ موردِ بررسی و کدگذاری داده ها، با استفاده از تحلیل مضمون این کدها در نهایت در قالب دو مضمونِ فراگیر طبقه بندی شدند که عبارتند از: «شاخص های طراحیِ خطمشی» و «عناصر طراحیِ خطمشی» که بر این اساس تلاش شده تا دو تعریف از طراحیِ خطمشی پیشنهاد شود. بر اساس شاخص ها، طراحیِ خطمشی، تلاشی است آگاهانه برای ایجاد خطمشی های کارآمد، با استفاده از دانش و خلاقیت، در جهت ایجاد تغییراتِ مورد نظر و مطلوب. بر اساس عناصر، طراحیِ خطمشی، تلاشِ طراحانِ خطمشی در جهت کاوشِ زمینه ای و ایجاد و تقویت زیرساخت های استفاده از دانش در خط مشی گذاری و شکل گیریِ طرح های موثر و کارآمد از خطمشی است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| خطمشی عمومی؛ طراحیِ خطمشی؛ ماهیتِ طراحیِ خطمشی؛ شاخص‌های طراحیِ خطمشی؛ عناصر طراحیِ خط مشی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Analysis of the concept of policy design, using thematic analysis: nature, indicators and elements | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Seyed Ali Siah Mansouri | ||
| faculty of management, university of Tehran. Tehran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| "policy design" refers to the formation of the public policy or a part of it. Some scientists have considered it a commonplace and some others believe that policies cannot be designed. These different interpretations have led to fragmentation in the literature of "policy design" and ambiguity in its concept. The present research is done with the aim of understanding and explaining the concept of "policy design". Based on the analysis of the data from the reviewed documents and the coding of the data, using the thematic analysis, finally in the form of two comprehensive themes, which are: "policy design indicators" and " Elements of policy design". Based on this, two definitions have been proposed. Based on the indicators, policy design is a conscious effort to create public policy, using knowledge and creativity, to make the desired changes. Based on the elements, policy design is the effort of policy designers in order to context investigation and creating and strengthening the infrastructure of using knowledge in policy making and forming effective and efficient designs of the policy. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Public policy, Policy design, Nature of policy design, Indicators of policy design, Elements of policy design | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Adachi, Yukio. (2011). The Process of Policy Design. 政策創造研究. 5. 61-74.
Alexander, Ernest. R. (1982). Design in the Decision-Making Process. Policy Sciences. 14. 279-292.
Anderson, C. W. (1971). Comparative Policy Analysis: The Design of Measures. Comparative Politics. 4 (1). 117-131.
Archer, L. Bruce (1970). An overview of the structure of the design process. in Gary T. Moore, (ed.), Emerging Methods in Design and Planning. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Attride-Stirling, J. (2001) Thematic Networks: An Analytic Tool for Qualitative Research. Qualitative Research. 1 (3). 385-405.
Bosso, Christopher J. (1993). The practice and study of policy formation. Public administration and public policy. (53). 95-113.
Boland, R. Jr., and Collopy, F. (eds.) (2004) Managing as Designing, Stanford: Stanford Business Books.
Bobrow, Davis. (2006). Policy Design: Ubiquitous, Necessary and Difficult. In Handbook of public policy, edited by B. Guy Peters and Jon Pierre. SAGE. 75-96.
Braun, V. Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology. 3 (2). 77-101.
Capano, Giliberto. Howlett, Michael. (2015). Policy Design and Non-Design in Policy-Making Policy Formulation and the Changing Dynamics of Public Policy. Background Paper Workshop on “Design and Non-Design in Policy-Making: When and How Policy Design Matters” University of Warsaw.
Considine, Mark. (2012). Thinking Outside the Box? Applying Design Theory to Public Policy. Politics & Policy. 40 (4). 704-724.
Dryzek, John S. (1983). Don't Toss Coins in Garbage Cans: A Prologue to Policy Design. Journal of Public Policy. 3 (4). 345-367.
Dryzek, John, Ripley, Brian. (1988). The ambitions of policy design. Policy Studies Review. 7 (4). 705-719.
Graycar, Adam. (2018). Policy design for an ageing population. Policy Design and Practice. 1 (1). 63-78.
Hoppe, Robert. (2018). Rules-of-thumb for problem-structuring policy design. Policy Design and Practice. 1 (1). 12-29.
Howlett, Michael. (2011). Revisiting Policy Design: The Rise and Fall (and Rebirth?) of Policy Design Studies. Paper Prepared for the General Conference of the European Consortium for Political Research (ECPR).
Howlett, Michael. Mukherjee, Ishani. Woo, Jun Jie. (2012). From tools to toolkits in policy design studies: the new design orientation towards policy formulation research. Policy & Politics. 43 (2). 291-311.
Howlett, Michael. Jeremy, Rayner. (2013). Patching vs Packaging in Policy Formulation: Assessing Policy Portfolio Design. Politics and Governance. 1 (2). 170–182.
Howlett, Michael. (2014a). Policy Design: What, Who, How and Why? in C Halpern, P Lascoumes, P Le Gales (eds) L’instrumentation et Ses Effets. Paris: Presses de Sciences Po.
Howlett, Michael. (2014b). From the ‘old’ to the ‘new’ policy design: design thinking beyond markets and collaborative governance. Policy Sciences. 47 (1). Springer Science+Business Media New York.
Howlett, Michael. Mukherjee, Ishani. (2014). Policy Design and Non-Design: Towards a Spectrum of Policy Formulation Types. Politics and Governance. 2 (2). 57-71.
Howlett, Michael. (2017). The criteria for effective policy design: character and context in policy instrument choice. Journal of Asian Public Policy, ISSN: 1751-6234 (Print) 1751-6242 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline .com/loi/rapp20.
Howlett, M. (2020). Challenges in applying design thinking to public policy: dealing with the varieties of policy formulation and its vicissitudes. Policy & Politics. 48 (1). 49–65.
King, nigel. Horrocks, Christine (2010). Interviews in Qualitative Research. Sage Publications.
Linder, Stephen. H, Peters, Guy. B. (1984). From Social Theory to Policy Design. Journal of Public Policy. 4 (3). 237-259.
Linder, Stephen. H, Peters, Guy. B. (1987). A Design perspective on policy implementation: The fallaciese of misplaced prescription. Policy Studies Review. 6 (3). 459-475.
Linder, S. H., and B. G. PETERS (1990). Policy Formulation and the Challenge of Conscious Design. Evaluation and Program Planning. 13. 303-311.
Linder, Steven, and B. PETERS (1991). The Logic of Public Policy Design: Linking Policy Actors and Plausible Instruments. Knowledge. Technology & Policy. 4 (1). 125-151.
May PJ. (1991). Reconsidering Policy Design: Policies and Publics. Journal of Public Policy. 11 (2). 187–206.
Mortati, Marzia. Schmidt, Scott. Mullagh, Louise. (2022). Design for Policy and Governance: New Technologies, New Methodologies. Design Research Society. https://dl.designresearchsociety.org/drs-conference-papers.
Peters, B. Guy. Rava, Nenad. (2017). Policy Design: From Technocracy to Complexity, and Beyond. Available online at http://www.ippapublicpolicy.org /file/paper/5932fa23369d0.pdf
Saeed, Khalid (1994). Development Planning and Policy Design: A System Dynamics Approach.
Saunders, lewis, Thornhill (2019). research methods for business, eighth edition.
Simon, H. A. (1996) The Sciences of the Artificial. 3rd ed. (Cambridge: MIT Press)
Schneider, Anne. l, Ingram, Helen. (1988). Systematically Pinching Ideas: A Comparative Approach to Policy Design. Journal of Public Policy. 8 (1). 61-80.
Schneider, Anne. l, Ingram, Helen. (1990a). Policy Design: Elements, Premises, and Strategies. Contributions in Political Science. (258). 77-101.
Schon, Donald A. (1987). Educating the Reflective Practitioner: Toward a New Design for Teaching and Learning in the Professions. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Tinbergen, Jan (1958). The Design of Development. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Vaz, Federico. Koria, Mikko. Prendeville, Sharon. (2022). ‘Design for policy’ from below: grassroots framing and political negotiation. Policy Design and Practice. https://doi.org/10.1080/25741292.2022.2141487
Vanesa, Weyrauch. Leandro, Echt. Shahenda, Suliman, (2016). Knowledge into policy: Going beyond "Context Matters". An overview of the Context Matters framework, developed by INASP and Politics & Ideas to detect and understand the critical entry points to promote the use of knowledge in public institutions. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 315 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 189 |
||